???·?? ????

百度易边再战。

???·?? ????(???: V?lkermord an den Herero und Nama)?? 1904??? 1907? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????(???? ????)?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????. 20?? ??? ???? ? ??? ????.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

1904? 1?, ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????. ? ? 8?, ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????. ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????. ???? ?? 10?? ?? ??? ???.

? ??? ???? 24,000 ~ 100,000 ?? ??? 10,000 ?? ???.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11] ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????. ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??.^[12]^[13]

1985?, ????? ??? ???? ? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? 20?? ??? ???? ?? ? ???? ????. 2004?, ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????, ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???.^[14] 2015? 7?, ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ????? “????” ? “????? ??”?? ??? ??? ????.^[15]^[16]

??? ??

? ????? ?????, ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???.

?? ??? ? ??? ?? 1951? '?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??'? ???? ?? ????? '?? ?? (Genocide)'?? ??? ?? ?? ???. ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????, ?? ??? ???, ???? ? ????? ????? ???? ????. 2016? 6?, ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???, ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? "??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??"? ????. ??, ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?, ??? ???? ?? ? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????.

2004? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? 100?? ???? "????? ???? ??? ????."?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?, ?? ??? ??? ????. ??? 2016? 7? 13? (?? ????), ?? ??? 2016??? 112? ?? 1904? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??? '???? (Genocide)'? ???? ?? ????? ????. ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? 2016? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???. ?? ???? ?? ??-???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???. ???? ??? ?? ?? ??, ???? ?? ? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???.^[17]

??? 2011?, ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ? ??. ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????, ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? "?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????."?? "????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????."? ???.

?? ??

??

↑ Olusoga, David and Erichsen, Casper W (2010). The Kaiser's Holocaust. Germany's Forgotten Genocide and the Colonial Roots of Nazism. Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-23141-6
↑ Levi, Neil; Rothberg, Michael (2003). 《The Holocaust: Theoretical Readings》. Rutgers University Pressc. 465?. ISBN 0-8135-3353-8.
↑ Mahmood Mamdani (2001) When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda, Princeton University Press, Princeton ISBN 978-0-691-05821-4
↑ Allan D. Cooper (2006? 8? 31?). “Reparations for the Herero Genocide: Defining the limits of international litigation”. 《Oxford Journals African Affairs》.
↑ “Remembering the Herero Rebellion”. Deutsche Welle. 2004? 11? 1?. 2005? 2? 25?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2016? 5? 27?? ???.
↑ Jeremy Sarkin-Hughes (2008) Colonial Genocide and Reparations Claims in the 21st Century: The Socio-Legal Context of Claims under International Law by the Herero against Germany for Genocide in Namibia, 1904-1908, p. 142, Praeger Security International, Westport, Conn. ISBN 978-0-313-36256-9
↑ A. Dirk Moses (2008) Empire, Colony, Genocide: Conquest, Occupation and Subaltern Resistance in World History, Berghahn Books, NY ISBN 978-1-84545-452-4
↑ Dominik J. Schaller (2008) From Conquest to Genocide: Colonial Rule in German Southwest Africa and German East Africa, p. 296, Berghahn Books, NY ISBN 1-84545-452-9
↑ Sara L. Friedrichsmeyer, Sara Lennox, and Susanne M. Zantop (1998) The Imperialist Imagination: German Colonialism and Its Legacy, p. 87, University of Michigan Press ISBN 978-0-472-09682-4
↑ Walter Nuhn (1989) Sturm über Südwest. Der Hereroaufstand von 1904, Bernard & Graefe-Verlag, Koblenz ISBN 3-7637-5852-6.
↑ Marie-Aude Baronian, Stephan Besser, Yolande Jansen (2007) Diaspora and Memory: Figures of Displacement in Contemporary Literature, Arts and Politics, p. 33, Rodopi ISBN 978-1-4294-8147-2
↑ Samuel Totten, William S. Parsons, Israel W. Charny (2004) Century of Genocide: Critical Essays and Eyewitness Accounts, Routledge, NY ISBN 978-0-203-89043-1
↑ Dan Kroll (2006) Securing Our Water Supply: Protecting a Vulnerable Resource, p. 22, PennWell Corp/University of Michigan Press ISBN 978-1-59370-069-0
↑ “Germany admits Namibia genocide”. BBC News. 2004? 8? 14?. 2008? 12? 11?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2008? 4? 23?? ???.
↑ Tejas, Aditya (2015? 7? 9?). “German Official Says Namibia Herero Killings Were 'Genocide' And Part Of 'Race War'”. International Business Times. 2015? 7? 13?? ???.
↑ “Deutsche Kolonialverbrechen: Bundesregierung nennt Herero-Massaker erstmals "V?lkermord"” (???). Spiegel Online. 2015? 7? 13?. 2015? 7? 13?? ???.
↑ ????, ??? (2016? 7? 14?). “??, 112? ? ???? ?? ‘?? ??’”. 《????》. ????. 2016? 7? 19?? ???.

[1] Olusoga, David and Erichsen, Casper W (2010). The Kaiser's Holocaust. Germany's Forgotten Genocide and the Colonial Roots of Nazism. Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-23141-6

[2] Levi, Neil; Rothberg, Michael (2003). 《The Holocaust: Theoretical Readings》. Rutgers University Pressc. 465?. ISBN 0-8135-3353-8.

[mamdani-3] Mahmood Mamdani (2001) When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda, Princeton University Press, Princeton ISBN 978-0-691-05821-4

[OFAA20060831-4] Allan D. Cooper (2006? 8? 31?). “Reparations for the Herero Genocide: Defining the limits of international litigation”. 《Oxford Journals African Affairs》.

[5] “Remembering the Herero Rebellion”. Deutsche Welle. 2004? 11? 1?. 2005? 2? 25?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2016? 5? 27?? ???.

[sarkin-6] Jeremy Sarkin-Hughes (2008) Colonial Genocide and Reparations Claims in the 21st Century: The Socio-Legal Context of Claims under International Law by the Herero against Germany for Genocide in Namibia, 1904-1908, p. 142, Praeger Security International, Westport, Conn. ISBN 978-0-313-36256-9

[moses-7] A. Dirk Moses (2008) Empire, Colony, Genocide: Conquest, Occupation and Subaltern Resistance in World History, Berghahn Books, NY ISBN 978-1-84545-452-4

[8] Dominik J. Schaller (2008) From Conquest to Genocide: Colonial Rule in German Southwest Africa and German East Africa, p. 296, Berghahn Books, NY ISBN 1-84545-452-9

[9] Sara L. Friedrichsmeyer, Sara Lennox, and Susanne M. Zantop (1998) The Imperialist Imagination: German Colonialism and Its Legacy, p. 87, University of Michigan Press ISBN 978-0-472-09682-4

[Walter_Nuhn_1904-10] Walter Nuhn (1989) Sturm über Südwest. Der Hereroaufstand von 1904, Bernard & Graefe-Verlag, Koblenz ISBN 3-7637-5852-6.

[11] Marie-Aude Baronian, Stephan Besser, Yolande Jansen (2007) Diaspora and Memory: Figures of Displacement in Contemporary Literature, Arts and Politics, p. 33, Rodopi ISBN 978-1-4294-8147-2

[totten-12] Samuel Totten, William S. Parsons, Israel W. Charny (2004) Century of Genocide: Critical Essays and Eyewitness Accounts, Routledge, NY ISBN 978-0-203-89043-1

[kroll-13] Dan Kroll (2006) Securing Our Water Supply: Protecting a Vulnerable Resource, p. 22, PennWell Corp/University of Michigan Press ISBN 978-1-59370-069-0

[BBC08142004-14] “Germany admits Namibia genocide”. BBC News. 2004? 8? 14?. 2008? 12? 11?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2008? 4? 23?? ???.

[15] Tejas, Aditya (2015? 7? 9?). “German Official Says Namibia Herero Killings Were 'Genocide' And Part Of 'Race War'”. International Business Times. 2015? 7? 13?? ???.

[16] “Deutsche Kolonialverbrechen: Bundesregierung nennt Herero-Massaker erstmals "V?lkermord"” (???). Spiegel Online. 2015? 7? 13?. 2015? 7? 13?? ???.

[17] ????, ??? (2016? 7? 14?). “??, 112? ? ???? ?? ‘?? ??’”. 《????》. ????. 2016? 7? 19?? ???.

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